Some of these women, including Lucy Burns and Alice Paul, went on hunger strikes; some were force-fed while others were otherwise harshly treated by prison guards. [36] Prior to the passage of the amendment, southern politicians held firm in their convictions not to allow African-American women to vote. [10] While suffrage bills were introduced into many state legislatures during this period, they were generally disregarded and few came to a vote. [22] After U.S. Supreme Court decisions between 1873 and 1875 denied voting rights to women in connection with the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, suffrage groups shifted their efforts to advocating for a new constitutional amendment. "[144][145] In 2018, various recording artists released an album called 27: The Most Perfect Album, featuring songs inspired by the 27 amendments to the U.S. Constitution; Dolly Parton's song inspired by the Nineteenth Amendment is called "A Woman's Right". Carrie Catt, representing the NAWSA, worked with state suffragist leaders, including Anne Dallas Dudley and Abby Crawford Milton. The Supreme Court answered that the Nineteenth Amendment had similar wording to the Fifteenth Amendment, which had expanded state electorates without regard to race for more than fifty years by that time despite rejection by six states (including Maryland). [12][13] The NWSA's main effort was lobbying Congress for a women's suffrage amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The 16th Amendment allows Congress to tariff an income tax without basing it on population or dividing it up among the states. New Jersey ratified following a rally producing a petition of over 140,000 signatures supporting the state's ratification of the amendment. Actions. By the late nineteenth century, new states and territories, particularly in the West, began to grant women the right to vote. As the House prepared to take up the issue of ratification on August 18, lobbying intensified. Constitution's 16th Amendment does not say "only the top 1% pay income tax," the Illinois amendment will not say "only the top 3% pay more; your taxes will never increase."
[139], An annual celebration of the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, known as Women's Equality Day, began on August 26, 1973. [28] An amendment proposed in 1888 in the U.S. House of Representatives called for limited suffrage for women who were spinsters or widows who owned property. "[44], In 1900, Carrie Chapman Catt succeeded Susan B. Anthony as the president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. "Interchange: Women's Suffrage, the Nineteenth Amendment, and the Right to Vote". [43][page needed] Pearson was assisted by Anne Pleasant, president of the Louisiana Women's Rejection League and the wife of a former Louisiana governor. Why did the British people choose to leave the EU when they know deep down inside, it was the wrong choice? [46][114][115], After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, women still faced political limitations. The Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex.
It merely makes it easier to raise rates on everyone, hurting our economy. [8], Activism addressing federal women's suffrage was minimal during the Civil War. When ratification was finally confirmed, a suffragist on the floor of the House rang a miniature Liberty Bell. "[42] On September 30, 1918, the proposal fell two votes short of passage, prompting the NWP to direct campaigning against senators who had voted against the amendment.
The purpose of the amendment however was to support the government, not to punish anyone.